ASTM-E2696 Standard Practice for Life and Reliability Testing Based on the Exponential Distribution

ASTM-E2696 - 2021 EDITION - CURRENT
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This practice presents standard sampling procedures and tables for life and reliability testing in procurement, supply, and maintenance quality control operations as well as in research and development activities. This practice describes general procedures and definitions of terms used in life test sampling and describes specific procedures and applications of the life test sampling plans for determining conformance to established reliability requirements.

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Scope

1.1 This practice presents standard sampling procedures and tables for life and reliability testing in procurement, supply, and maintenance quality control operations as well as in research and development activities.

1.2 This practice describes general procedures and definitions of terms used in life test sampling and describes specific procedures and applications of the life test sampling plans for determining conformance to established reliability requirements.

1.3 This practice is an adaptation of the Quality Control and Reliability Handbook H-108, “Sampling Procedures and Tables for Life and Reliability Testing (Based on Exponential Distribution),” U.S. Government Printing Office, April 29, 1960.

1.4 A system of units is not specified in this practice.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Significance and Use

4.1 This practice was prepared to meet a growing need for the use of standard sampling procedures and tables for life and reliability testing in government procurement, supply, and maintenance quality control (QC) operations as well as in research and development activities where applicable.

4.2 A characteristic feature of most life tests is that the observations are ordered in time to failure. If, for example, 20 radio tubes are placed on life test, and ti denotes the time when the ith tube fails, the data occur in such a way that t1 t2 ... tn. The same kind of ordered observations will occur whether the problem under consideration deals with the life of electric bulbs, the life of electronic components, the life of ball bearings, or the length of life of human beings after they are treated for a disease. The examples just given all involve ordering in time.

4.3 In destructive testing involving such situations as the current needed to blow a fuse, the voltage needed to break down a condenser, or the force needed to rupture a physical material, the test can often be arranged in such a way that every item in the sample is subjected to precisely the same stimulus (current, voltage, or stress). If this is done, then clearly the weakest item will be observed to fail first, the second weakest next, and so forth. While the random variable considered mostly in this guide is time to failure, it should be emphasized, however, that the methodology provided herein can be adapted to the testing situations mentioned above when the random variable is current, voltage, stress, and so forth.

4.4 Sections 6 and 7 describe general procedures and definitions of terms used in life test sampling. Sections 8, 9, and 10 describe specific procedures and applications of the life test sampling plans for determining conformance to established reliability requirements.

4.5 Whenever the methodology or choice of procedures in the practice requires clarification, the user is advised to consult a qualified mathematical statistician, and reference should be made to appropriate technical reports and other publications in the field.

Keywords

acceptability constant; acceptance sampling; acceptance time; consumer’s risk; exponential distribution; failure rate; hazard rate; life test; mean life; mean time to failure; OC; operating characteristic; producer’s risk; rejection time; reliability; sample size; sampling plan; sequential life test; termination number; testing with replacement; testing without replacement; total life;

To find similar documents by ASTM Volume:

14.02 (General Test Methods; Forensic Psychophysiology; Forensic Sciences; Terminology; Conformity Assessment; Statistical Methods; Nanotechnology; Forensic Engineering; Manufacture of Pharmaceutical Products)

To find similar documents by classification:

03.120.10 (Quality management and quality assurance)

21.020 (Characteristics and design of machines, apparatus, equipment Including reliability, dependability, maintainability, durability, etc. Safety of machinery, see 13.110)

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Document Number

ASTM-E2696-21

Revision Level

2021 EDITION

Status

Current

Modification Type

Revision

Publication Date

July 5, 2021

Document Type

Practice

Page Count

42 pages

Committee Number

E11.40