ASTM-D4470 › Historical Revision Information
Static Electrification, Standard Test Method For
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Scope
1.1 This test method covers the generation of electrostatic charge, the measurement of this charge and its associated electric field, and the test conditions which must be controlled in order to obtain reproducible results. This test method is applicable to both solids and liquids. This test method is not applicable to gases, since a transfer of a gas with no solid impurities in it does not generate an electrostatic charge. This test method also does not cover the beneficial uses of static electrification, its associated problems or hazards, or the elimination or reduction of unwanted electrostatic charge.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Significance and Use
Whenever two dissimilar materials are contacted and separated, excess electrostatic charge (triboelectric charge) will be found on these materials if at least one of the materials is a good insulator. This excess charge gives rise to electric fields which can exert forces on other objects. If these fields exceed the breakdown strength of the surrounding gas, a disruptive discharge (spark) may occur. The heat from this discharge may ignite explosive atmospheres, the light may fog photosensitized materials, and the current flowing in a static discharge may cause catastrophic failure of solid state devices. Electric forces may be used beneficially, as in electrostatic copying, spray painting and beneficiation of ores. They may be detrimental as when they attract dirt to a surface or when they cause sheets to stick together. Since most plastic materials in use today have very good insulating qualities, it is difficult to avoid generation of static electricity. Since it depends on many parameters, it is difficult to generate static electricity reliably and reproducibly.
Keywords
apparent contact area; charge generation; charge measurement; charging mechanism; conducting material; conductor; contact area; electric charge; electric field; electric field strength; electrometer; electrostatic charge; electrostatic charge generation; excess electrostatic charge; Faraday cage; field meter; insulating material; insulator; partial conductor; partial insulator; real contact area; resistance; surface; rotating vane field meter; surface resistance; static electrification; vibrating plate field meter; Conductance and conductivity (electrical); Current measurement; Electrical insulating plastics; Electrical measurements; Electrostatic charge/discharge; Faraday cage; Insulating materials; Liquids; Plastic sheet and film; Powdered chemicals; Rotating vane fieldmeter; Shunt capacitor; Solid phase materials; Static charge; Surface cleaning/cleanliness; Vibrating plate fieldmeter; Voltage; ICS Number Code 17.220.01 (Electricity. Magnetism. General aspects)
To find similar documents by ASTM Volume:
10.02 (Electrical Insulation (II): D2518 - latest)
To find similar documents by classification:
17.220.01 (Electricity. Magnetism. General aspects Including electromagnetism)
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Document Number
ASTM-D4470-97(2010)
Revision Level
1997 R10 EDITION
Status
Superseded
Modification Type
Reapproval
Publication Date
Sept. 1, 2010
Document Type
Test Method
Page Count
10 pages
Committee Number
D09.12